E-Label Standard Format

• Version: 1.1.0
• Status: Proposal
• Published: 2026-09-18
• Machine-readable vocabulary: https://elabel.glasswise.eu/api/vocab/
• This document: https://elabel.glasswise.eu/standard

The E-Label Standard Format is versioned with semantic versioning. A change that only adds terms raises the minor version; a change that removes or reinterprets an existing term is breaking and raises the major version. Section 7 defines what counts as additive.

Changelog

• 1.0.0 (2026-09-18): first published version, issued as a proposal.
• Corrections to legal references, 2026-09-18.
• 1.1.0 (2026-09-19): adds two terms and changes nothing else. Organizations may carry url, their website. gw:ingredientsDisplayText carries the ingredient list exactly as the label renders it, grouped by category, with allergen names in a ... pair, the one markup the Standard allows in that string. gw:ingredientsText and gs1:ingredientStatement keep their plain form and are unchanged. One existing value does change shape: organization url values are now normalized before publication, so a bare host is published as https://... and a value that is not an absolute http(s) URL is dropped rather than published verbatim.

1. Purpose

This document specifies the JSON-LD document that a Glasswise e-label publishes about the product the label describes. The document exists so that a machine consumer can read everything the e-label shows on screen without scraping HTML: legal particulars, nutrition, ingredients and allergens, packaging and recycling information, certifications, operators, and the label's own translated texts.

The document is designed for three audiences at once:

• generic structured-data consumers, which read the schema.org terms,
• GS1-aware supply-chain consumers, which read the GS1 Web Vocabulary terms,
• e-label-specific consumers such as e-label Atlas, which read the whole document including the gw: extension terms.

Every e-label publishes the document embedded in its HTML page as a script element of type application/ld+json.

2. The document

2.1 Shape

The document is a single JSON-LD object of @type Product. One e-label page publishes exactly one such document per language. There are no nested product documents and no language maps: all human-readable values in the document are strings in the page's language (see section 4).

2.2 Context

"@context": {
    "@vocab": "https://schema.org/",
    "gw": "https://elabel.glasswise.eu/api/vocab/",
    "gs1": "https://ref.gs1.org/voc/",
    "gtin14": "gtin14",
    "image": {
        "@id": "image",
        "@type": "@id"
    }
}

• @vocab binds unprefixed terms to schema.org.
• gw binds the gw: prefix to the Glasswise vocabulary, served as JSON-LD from https://elabel.glasswise.eu/api/vocab/. The vocabulary defines every gw: term this document may carry, and records the source vocabulary of each term.
• gs1 binds the gs1: prefix to the GS1 Web Vocabulary.
• gtin14 is a plain string identifier used as propertyID inside identifier entries, matching the schema.org convention of exposing GTINs as PropertyValue entries.
• image is declared as @type: @id so the value is a URL reference rather than an embedded image object.

2.3 Identity

The product is identified by:

• @id: the product's GS1 Digital Link URL when one exists (for example https://glws.eu/01/09120013397797/22/2025), otherwise the e-label page URL (https://elabel.glasswise.eu/l/{ref}). The Digital Link form encodes the GTIN and any qualifier application identifiers in the path.
• identifier: an array of PropertyValue entries:
  • propertyID: "glasswise-ref": the short reference that appears in the e-label URL. Always present.
  • propertyID: "gtin14": the product's GTIN-14. Present when the label carries a GTIN.

2.4 GTIN qualifiers

When present, the GTIN qualifier application identifiers from the label's Digital Link are published as top-level properties:

3. Vocabularies and term sources

Terms are drawn from three vocabularies, in a fixed order of preference:

1. schema.org first. If a schema.org term genuinely fits, it is used.
2. GS1 Web Vocabulary (gs1:) second. Where GS1 defines a term that schema.org lacks, it is reused, especially for allergens, nutrients, ingredients, packaging and trade-item identifiers.
3. gw: terms only when neither vocabulary has a term that genuinely fits. A gw: term is minted rather than forcing a value into a term whose semantics or code list does not match.

The published vocabulary at https://elabel.glasswise.eu/api/vocab/ defines every gw: term with label, comment, domain and range, records the source of each term, and lists the GS1 terms the document reuses. A consistency test in the repository fails if the emitter ever produces a gw: or gs1: term the vocabulary does not record, so the vocabulary and the emitted documents cannot drift apart.

The vocabulary URL and every gw: term URL are dereferenceable. A client asking for application/ld+json receives the vocabulary, or the single term's definition; a browser is redirected to the term index at https://elabel.glasswise.eu/standard.

GS1 code list values are emitted as node references whose @id is the code's URI in the GS1 vocabulary, for example {"@id": "gs1:SweetnessLevelOfAlcoholicBeverageCode-DRY"}.

4. Languages

One document exists per language, never a multilingual merged document.

• Every human-readable text value is exactly the string the e-label displays in that language. Nothing is invented, summarised or machine-translated for the document.
• inLanguage names the language of the document's text values. It is the locale of the resolved translation when one exists, otherwise the label's own default locale.
• When a translated field has no value in the requested language, the document applies the same fallback the page renders: the label's default-locale translation where the page uses one (designation of origin), otherwise the field is absent.
• Fields the winemaker has switched off for display are not published. The document follows the same visibility switches as the rendered label (show_product_type, show_inspection_number, show_allergen_text, show_sweetness, show_quantity), so the document never claims a particular the label does not show.

5. Term reference

"Required" in these tables means the term is present on every document. Everything else appears only when the underlying data exists and its display switch is on. Text values are in the document language (section 4); code values are stable across languages.

5.1 Product identity

5.2 Organizations

Each organization is a schema.org Organization with name, optional logo, optional address (PostalAddress with streetAddress, postalCode, addressLocality, addressCountry), and optional gw:producerIdentificationNumber. An organization may also carry url, its website: on the producer brand, the bottler and the distributor that is the organization's own site. On the two PPWR roles url serves as the electronic means of communication instead, and exactly one of email and url is set.

5.3 Nutrition

The nutrition object is a schema.org NutritionInformation on a 100 ml basis, matching the mandatory nutrition declaration of Article 119(1)(h) of Regulation (EU) No 1308/2013, as amended by Regulation (EU) 2021/2117, for wine and Regulation (EU) 1169/2011 for other beverages.

5.4 Wine properties

The gw:wineProperties object is a gw:WineSpecification. These terms predate the GS1 review and are retained unchanged; new consumers should read gs1:netContent and gs1:sweetnessLevelOfAlcoholicBeverage alongside them.

Product-level equivalents added under the GS1-first rule:

5.5 Ingredients and allergens

Structured ingredients are published twice, once per vocabulary, carrying the same facts:

• recipeIngredient (schema.org): the original list of gw:WineIngredient entries with name, gw:isOrganic, gw:isAllergen and gw:category. Unchanged for existing consumers.
• gs1:ingredient: gs1:FoodBeverageTobaccoIngredientDetails entries with gs1:ingredientName (translated name, including the organic name when the label shows one) and gs1:ingredientSequence (position in the list).

gw:ingredientsText and gs1:ingredientStatement carry the ingredient names as one plain comma-joined string and keep that form unchanged. gw:ingredientsDisplayText, added in 1.1.0, carries the list exactly as the label renders it: ingredients of a grouped category appear behind the category name, a comma separates ingredients inside a group, and a semicolon separates the entries. One markup is allowed in this string: a name wrapped in a strict ... pair marks an allergen, carrying into plain text the emphasis that Regulation (EU) 1169/2011 Annex II requires for allergens. A single * is the organic marker and stays a literal asterisk. No other markup is interpreted; consumers that render the text should show a name pair as emphasis and escape everything else.

5.6 Packaging

gs1:packaging carries one gs1:PackagingDetails entry per packaging component the label lists (bottle, capsule, closure, carton and so on). This serves the packaging information duties of Regulation (EU) 2025/40 and the material identification marking of Commission Decision 97/129/EC.

5.7 Certifications and referenced documents

5.8 Label messages and geo content

The e-label lets a producer show free-text messages on defined topics. The gw:messages object, a gw:LabelMessages, carries them; each is present only when the translated text exists in the document language.

gw:geoContent carries the country-conditional information blocks the page showed to this visitor (for example a deposit notice that applies only in one market). Each gw:GeoContent entry has an optional name (the block title) and a description (the block text). The country a block applies to is a property of the request that served the page, not of the label, so the document records the blocks it showed without repeating the targeting rule.

5.9 Dealcoholisation

The particulars for dealcoholised grapevine products live in Article 119(1) of Regulation (EU) No 1308/2013: Regulation (EU) 2021/2117 added the de-alcoholisation category terms and the minimum durability date, and Regulation (EU) 2026/471 adds the "produced by de-alcoholisation" particular and the "alcohol-free" and "reduced alcohol" terms, applicable from 19 September 2027. Neither schema.org nor GS1 covers them.

6. Complete example

{
    "@context": {
        "@vocab": "https://schema.org/",
        "gw": "https://elabel.glasswise.eu/api/vocab/",
        "gs1": "https://ref.gs1.org/voc/",
        "gtin14": "gtin14",
        "image": {
            "@id": "image",
            "@type": "@id"
        }
    },
    "@type": "Product",
    "@id": "https://glws.eu/01/09120013397797/22/2025",
    "identifier": [
        {
            "@type": "PropertyValue",
            "propertyID": "glasswise-ref",
            "value": "ItW5C2WenG"
        },
        {
            "@type": "PropertyValue",
            "propertyID": "gtin14",
            "value": "09120013397797"
        }
    ],
    "name": "Grüner Veltliner Smaragd",
    "inLanguage": "en",
    "image": "https://storage.example.com/files/image123",
    "countryOfOrigin": {
        "@type": "Country",
        "name": "Austria",
        "gs1:countryCode": "AT"
    },
    "brand": {
        "@type": "Organization",
        "name": "Weingut",
        "logo": "https://storage.example.com/files/logo456",
        "address": {
            "@type": "PostalAddress",
            "streetAddress": "Wachau 1",
            "postalCode": "3601",
            "addressLocality": "Dürnstein",
            "addressCountry": "Austria"
        },
        "url": "https://weingut.example.com",
        "gw:producerIdentificationNumber": "AT123456789",
        "gw:imprint": "Weingut GmbH, Wachau 1, 3601 Dürnstein, Austria"
    },
    "gw:bottler": {
        "@type": "Organization",
        "name": "Weingut",
        "address": {
            "@type": "PostalAddress",
            "streetAddress": "Wachau 1",
            "postalCode": "3601",
            "addressLocality": "Dürnstein",
            "addressCountry": "Austria"
        },
        "gw:producerIdentificationNumber": "AT123456789"
    },
    "gw:ppwrManufacturer": {
        "@type": "Organization",
        "name": "Glaswerke AG",
        "address": {
            "@type": "PostalAddress",
            "streetAddress": "Werkstrasse 4",
            "postalCode": "4020",
            "addressLocality": "Linz",
            "addressCountry": "Austria"
        },
        "url": "https://glaswerke.example.com"
    },
    "nutrition": {
        "@type": "NutritionInformation",
        "servingSize": "100 ml",
        "calories": "84 kcal",
        "fatContent": "0 g",
        "saturatedFatContent": "0 g",
        "carbohydrateContent": "2.1 g",
        "sugarContent": "2.1 g",
        "proteinContent": "0.1 g",
        "sodiumContent": "0.2 g",
        "gw:saltContent": "0.5 g"
    },
    "gw:wineProperties": {
        "@type": "gw:WineSpecification",
        "gw:vintage": "2022",
        "gw:color": "white",
        "gw:isNonVintage": false,
        "gw:quantity": 750,
        "gw:alcoholContent": 13.5,
        "gw:alcoholLabel": 13.5,
        "gw:residualSugar": 2.1,
        "gw:acidity": 6.8,
        "gw:packagingGas": "protective_atmosphere",
        "gw:energyKJ": 350,
        "gw:sweetness": "dry"
    },
    "recipeIngredient": [
        {
            "@type": "gw:WineIngredient",
            "name": "Grüner Veltliner grapes",
            "gw:isOrganic": true,
            "gw:isAllergen": false,
            "gw:category": "Grapes"
        },
        {
            "@type": "gw:WineIngredient",
            "name": "Sulfites",
            "gw:isOrganic": false,
            "gw:isAllergen": true,
            "gw:category": "Preservatives"
        }
    ],
    "gw:ingredientsText": "Grüner Veltliner grapes, sulfites",
    "gw:ingredientsDisplayText": "Grape: Grüner Veltliner grapes*; Preservative: **Sulfites**",
    "gs1:ingredient": [
        {
            "@type": "gs1:FoodBeverageTobaccoIngredientDetails",
            "gs1:ingredientName": "Grüner Veltliner grapes",
            "gs1:ingredientSequence": 1
        },
        {
            "@type": "gs1:FoodBeverageTobaccoIngredientDetails",
            "gs1:ingredientName": "Sulfites",
            "gs1:ingredientSequence": 2
        }
    ],
    "gs1:ingredientStatement": "Grüner Veltliner grapes, sulfites",
    "gs1:ingredientOfConcern": ["Sulfites"],
    "gs1:allergenStatement": "Contains sulfites",
    "gs1:consumerProductVariant": "2025",
    "gs1:hasBatchLotNumber": "L2412",
    "gs1:bestBeforeDate": "2032-05-01",
    "gs1:netContent": {
        "@type": "gs1:QuantitativeValue",
        "gs1:value": 750,
        "gs1:unitCode": "MLT"
    },
    "gs1:sweetnessLevelOfAlcoholicBeverage": {
        "@id": "gs1:SweetnessLevelOfAlcoholicBeverageCode-DRY"
    },
    "gs1:alcoholicBeverageSubregion": "Wachau DAC",
    "gw:singleVineyard": "Ried Kellerberg",
    "gw:grapeVarieties": [
        {
            "@type": "gw:GrapeVariety",
            "name": "Grüner Veltliner",
            "gw:percentage": 100
        }
    ],
    "gw:productType": "quality_wine",
    "gw:inspectionNumber": "L1234 22",
    "gw:dealcoholisationApplied": false,
    "gs1:packaging": [
        {
            "@type": "gs1:PackagingDetails",
            "gs1:packagingType": "bottle",
            "gw:collection": "glass",
            "gs1:packagingMaterial": {
                "@type": "gs1:PackagingMaterialDetails",
                "name": "Glass",
                "gs1:packagingMaterialType": {
                    "@id": "gs1:PackagingMaterialTypeCode-GLASS"
                },
                "gw:materialType": "glass",
                "gw:recyclingCode": "GL 71"
            }
        }
    ],
    "gs1:certification": [
        {
            "@type": "gs1:CertificationDetails",
            "gs1:certificationStandard": "Bio Austria",
            "gs1:certificationIdentification": "AT-BIO-301",
            "gw:certificateType": "organic",
            "image": "https://storage.example.com/files/cert789"
        }
    ],
    "gs1:referencedFile": [
        {
            "@type": "gs1:ReferencedFileDetails",
            "gs1:referencedFileURL": "https://storage.example.com/files/doc-de",
            "gs1:fileLanguageCode": "de",
            "gs1:referencedFileType": {
                "@id": "gs1:ReferencedFileTypeCode-DECLARATION_OF_CONFORMITY"
            }
        },
        {
            "@type": "gs1:ReferencedFileDetails",
            "gs1:referencedFileURL": "https://storage.example.com/files/doc-en",
            "gs1:fileLanguageCode": "en",
            "gs1:referencedFileType": {
                "@id": "gs1:ReferencedFileTypeCode-DECLARATION_OF_CONFORMITY"
            }
        }
    ],
    "gw:messages": {
        "@type": "gw:LabelMessages",
        "gw:sustainabilityMessage": "Sustainably farmed since 1998",
        "gw:productionMethodMessage": "Spontaneous fermentation in large oak"
    },
    "gw:geoContent": [
        {
            "@type": "gw:GeoContent",
            "name": "Pfand",
            "description": "Return the crate to your dealer"
        }
    ]
}

7. Versioning and compatibility

The compatibility rule is additive-only:

• existing terms, meanings and value shapes never change or move,
• new terms may be added in any release,
• a term may only be removed or repurposed by a major version change, which would also change the vocabulary URL or the document's context.

The standard is versioned with semantic versioning, currently at version 1.1.0. An additive change raises the minor version; a breaking change raises the major version. The version is recorded on the published vocabulary as owl:versionInfo. Published e-label documents carry no version field, so consumers should treat any term not listed here as a forward-compatible addition.

8. Relationship to GS1

GS1 and this standard cover different sides of the same scan.

GS1 identifies the product. The GTIN, the qualifier application identifiers and the GS1 Digital Link URL say which trade item a code resolves to. This standard describes what is on the label the link leads to: the particulars, texts and statements a consumer or an authority reads there. The two compose naturally: the document's @id is the GS1 Digital Link, and the GTIN and its qualifiers appear as identifiers and properties of the product.

The document reuses individual GS1 Web Vocabulary terms where they genuinely fit, per the order schema.org, then GS1, then gw::

• trade item identifiers: gs1:consumerProductVariant, gs1:hasBatchLotNumber, gs1:bestBeforeDate, gs1:countryCode,
• ingredients and allergens: gs1:ingredient, gs1:ingredientStatement, gs1:ingredientOfConcern, gs1:allergenStatement,
• beverage particulars: gs1:alcoholicBeverageSubregion, gs1:sweetnessLevelOfAlcoholicBeverage, gs1:netContent,
• packaging: gs1:packaging, gs1:packagingType, gs1:packagingMaterial, gs1:packagingMaterialType,
• certifications and files: gs1:certification, gs1:certificationStandard, gs1:certificationIdentification, gs1:referencedFile, gs1:referencedFileURL, gs1:fileLanguageCode, gs1:referencedFileType.

GS1 also publishes an e-label schema. This standard does not adopt its document structure or data model. The differences are deliberate design choices, listed here factually:

• Structure. This document is one flat Product object per e-label page, so a consumer can read it with any JSON-LD parser and no knowledge of a profile. GS1's e-label schema models a more deeply structured document.
• Languages. This standard publishes one document per language, with every text value already resolved to exactly the string the label shows in that language. A consumer never resolves translations or language maps itself.
• Openness. The document and its vocabulary are published openly on the e-label domain, with no membership or registry lookup required to read or extend it.

Reusing well-defined GS1 terms inside a different document shape keeps vocabulary-level interoperability without importing a document model built for a different purpose.